What Are the 3 Steps to Reading a Set of Chromosomes?

Mitosis is a process where a single prison cell divides into two identical daughter cells (cell division).

• During mitosis one cell divides in one case to form two identical cells.
• The major purpose of mitosis is for growth and to supplant worn out cells.
• If not corrected in time, mistakes fabricated during mitosis can issue in changes in the Deoxyribonucleic acid that tin potentially lead to genetic disorders.

Mitosis is divided into five phases:

1. Interphase:

• The DNA in the prison cell is copied in training for jail cell division, this results in two identical total sets of chromosomes.
• Exterior of the nucleus are two centrosomes, each containing a pair of centrioles, these structures are disquisitional for the procedure of cell sectionalization.
• During interphase, microtubules extend from these centrosomes.

two. Prophase:

• The chromosomes condense into X-shaped structures that can exist easily seen under a microscope.
• Each chromosome is composed of two sister chromatids, containing identical genetic information.
• The chromosomes pair up so that both copies of chromosome 1 are together, both copies of chromosome ii are together, and and then on.
• At the stop of prophase the membrane effectually the nucleus in the jail cell dissolves away releasing the chromosomes.
• The mitotic spindle, consisting of the microtubules and other proteins, extends across the prison cell between the centrioles as they motility to opposite poles of the jail cell.

iii. Metaphase:

• The chromosomes line up neatly end-to-end along the centre (equator) of the jail cell.
• The centrioles are at present at contrary poles of the jail cell with the mitotic spindle fibres extending from them.
• The mitotic spindle fibres attach to each of the sis chromatids.

4. Anaphase:

• The sis chromatids are and so pulled apart by the mitotic spindle which pulls i chromatid to one pole and the other chromatid to the reverse pole.

5. Telophase:

• At each pole of the prison cell a total fix of chromosomes gather together.
• A membrane forms effectually each gear up of chromosomes to create 2 new nuclei.
• The single cell and so pinches in the centre to form two dissever daughter cells each containing a full ready of chromosomes within a nucleus. This process is known as cytokinesis.

Illustration showing the five stages of mitosis.
Image credit: Genome Enquiry Limited

This page was last updated on 2021-07-21

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Source: https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-mitosis

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